As Wikipedia details, "Fiat money is money that has value only because of government regulation or law. The term derives from the Latin fiat, meaning "let it be done", as such money is established by government decree. Where fiat money is used as currency, the term fiat currency is used.
Fiat money originated in 11th century China, and its use became widespread during the Yuan and Ming dynasties. Today, all national currencies are fiat currencies, including the US Dollar, the Euro, and all other reserve currencies. This trend began with the Nixon Shock of 1971, which ended the backing by precious metal of the US Dollar.
The term fiat money has been defined variously as:
- any money declared by a government to be legal tender.
- state-issued money which is neither legally convertible to any other thing, nor fixed in value in terms of any objective standard.
- money without intrinsic value.
A feature of all fiat money is its acceptability to the government for payment of taxes and charges.